Update date: Jul 08, 2026 | N/A Pages | Report ID: EP-ES-001227
France Electric Vehicle Battery Anode Market
DMA IntelligenceFrance Electric Vehicle Battery Anode Trends, Opportunities & Forecast 2033
Segments: Battery Type (Lithium-Ion Batteries, Lead-Acid Batteries, Others), Material Type (Lithium, Graphite, Silicon, Others), Application (Passenger Electric Vehicles, Electric Commercial Vehicles, Electric Buses, Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs), Energy Storage Systems (ESS)), Technology Level (Conventional Graphite-Based Anodes, Silicon-Enhanced High-Energy Anodes, Fast-Charging Anode Technologies, High-Cycle-Life Anodes, Solid-State Battery Compatible Anodes), By Region, And Segment Forecasts
$1.3B
Market Size, 2025
$1.4B
Market Estimate, 2026
$3.8B
Market Forecast, 2033
14.8%
CAGR, 2026–2033
France Electric Vehicle Battery Anode Market Size, Share & Key Insights
The France Electric Vehicle Battery Anode Market size was valued at USD 1.25 Billion in 2025, and the market is projected to grow from USD 1.44 Billion in 2026 to USD 3.77 Billion by 2033, growing at a CAGR of 14.8% during the forecast period 2026–2033. The market saw distributed global demand in 2025.
Study Overview
 Study Period | 2021 - 2033 |
 Base Year | 2025 |
 Estimated Year | 2026 |
 Forecast Period | 2026-2033 |
 Historical Range | 2021-2025 |
| Units | USD Billion |
 Coverage | Global | North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific, Latin America, Middle East & Africa |
 Deliverables | PDF + Excel Data Pack |
Major Market Players
Key Insights
- The France Electric Vehicle Battery Anode market is projected to grow from USD 1.25 Billion in 2025 to USD 3.77 Billion by 2033, demonstrating a robust CAGR of 14.80% during the forecast period.
- Passenger Electric Vehicles currently represent the largest application segment, holding a significant share of the market due to increasing consumer adoption and government incentives for personal EV ownership.
- Europe is anticipated to remain the leading market region, with Asia Pacific exhibiting the fastest growth owing to rapid EV manufacturing expansion and raw material processing advancements.
Market Definiton and Strategic Context
The France Electric Vehicle Battery Anode Market refers to the industry involved in the research, development, manufacturing, and supply of anode materials specifically designed for electric vehicle (EV) batteries within France. Anode materials are a critical component of lithium-ion batteries, impacting energy density, power output, charging speed, and overall battery lifespan. This market encompasses a range of materials, primarily graphite (natural and synthetic), silicon-based anodes, and advanced composites, each offering distinct performance characteristics. The market's expansion is intrinsically linked to the robust growth of the EV sector in France, driven by stringent emission regulations, government incentives for EV adoption, and increasing consumer awareness regarding sustainable transportation. The France Electric Vehicle Battery Anode market size was valued at USD 1.25 Billion in 2025, and is projected to demonstrate significant industry expansion over the forecast period. The growth outlook is highly positive, with substantial investments in domestic battery production capacities and a strategic focus on reducing reliance on foreign supply chains. The market forecast indicates a sustained upward trajectory, fueled by technological advancements aimed at improving anode performance, such as higher energy density and faster charging capabilities. Key players are actively engaged in material innovation and strategic partnerships to secure raw material supplies and enhance manufacturing efficiencies. The market's strategic context is shaped by France's ambitious climate targets and its role within the broader European Green Deal, which mandates a rapid transition to electric mobility. This creates a strong demand pull for advanced battery components, including high-performance anode materials. Furthermore, the market is influenced by global supply chain dynamics, raw material price volatility, and the need for scalable, environmentally responsible production methods. The competitive landscape features a mix of established chemical companies, specialized material manufacturers, and innovative startups, all vying for market share by offering differentiated anode solutions. The ongoing research into next-generation anode materials, such as silicon-carbon composites and lithium metal anodes, is poised to redefine performance benchmarks and further accelerate market growth.
| Report Attribute | Details |
|---|---|
| Market size value in 2025 | USD 1.25 Billion |
| Revenue forecast in 2033 | USD 3.77 Billion |
| Growth rate | CAGR of 14.8% from 2025 to 2033 |
| Actual data | 2021 - 2024 |
| Forecast period | 2025 - 2033 |
| Quantitative units | Revenue in USD Billion and CAGR from 2025 to 2033 |
| Report coverage | Revenue forecast, company share, competitive landscape, growth factors, and trends |
| Segments covered | Battery Type, Material Type, Application, Technology Level |
| Regional scope | North America; Europe; Asia Pacific; Latin America; MEA |
| Country scope | U.S.; Canada; Mexico; UK; Germany; France; China; India; Japan; Australia; South Korea; Brazil; UAE; Saudi Arabia; South Africa |
| Key companies profiled | BASF SE; Varta AG; Blue Solutions; Arkema S.A.; Robert Bosch GmbH; TotalEnergies SE; STMicroelectronics; NAWA Technologies; Solvay S.A. |
| Customization scope | Free report customization (equivalent to 8 analysts working days) with purchase. Addition or alteration to country, regional & segment scope. |
| Pricing and purchase options | Avail customized purchase options to meet your exact research needs. Explore purchase options |
Growth Catalysts & Market Constraints
The France Electric Vehicle Battery Anode market is characterized by a dynamic interplay of factors driving its expansion and those posing significant challenges. The market's trajectory is heavily influenced by global shifts towards sustainable mobility and France's proactive policy framework supporting electric vehicles. Understanding these underlying currents is crucial for stakeholders navigating the France Electric Vehicle Battery Anode market size and future growth forecast. Technological innovation in anode materials, coupled with increasing investments in domestic battery manufacturing capabilities, underpins the positive growth outlook. However, supply chain vulnerabilities and the high cost of raw materials present notable hurdles to sustained development. The balance between these growth catalysts and market constraints will define the pace and nature of industry evolution.
Growth Drivers
- Stringent Environmental Regulations and Government Incentives: France, aligned with broader European Union directives, has implemented aggressive targets for CO2 emission reductions and a gradual phasing out of internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles. This policy push, combined with attractive government subsidies and tax benefits for EV purchases and charging infrastructure development, directly stimulates EV adoption, thereby escalating the demand for high-performance battery anodes within the country.
- Rapid Advancements in Battery Technology and Energy Density: Continuous research and development in anode materials, particularly the shift towards silicon-based and hybrid graphite-silicon anodes, are yielding batteries with higher energy density, longer range, and faster charging capabilities. These technological breakthroughs enhance EV performance and consumer appeal, driving the need for more sophisticated and efficient anode materials to meet evolving market demands.
Restraints
- High Cost of Raw Materials and Manufacturing Complexities: The production of advanced anode materials, especially synthetic graphite and silicon-based composites, relies on specialized raw materials that can be subject to price volatility and supply chain disruptions. The intricate manufacturing processes involved, requiring significant capital investment and energy consumption, contribute to higher production costs, which can impact the overall competitiveness and affordability of EV batteries.
- Performance Limitations of Current Anode Technologies: While advancements are ongoing, existing anode materials still face limitations regarding energy density, cycle life, and safety concerns like lithium plating at high charging rates or low temperatures. These technical hurdles can constrain further performance improvements in EV batteries, delaying the widespread adoption of next-generation anode technologies and impacting market expansion.
Opportunities
- Development of Sustainable and Circular Economy Solutions: The growing focus on environmental sustainability presents an opportunity for anode material manufacturers to invest in recycling technologies for spent EV batteries and develop anode materials from recycled content. This not only addresses raw material scarcity but also aligns with circular economy principles, creating a more resilient and environmentally friendly supply chain for the France Electric Vehicle Battery Anode market.
- Strategic Partnerships and Localized Supply Chain Development: Collaborations between anode material producers, battery manufacturers, and EV OEMs within France and the wider European region offer significant opportunities. These partnerships can facilitate technology transfer, co-development of customized anode solutions, and the establishment of localized, robust supply chains, reducing geopolitical risks and fostering domestic industry growth and innovation.
Challenges
- Intense Global Competition and Supply Chain Dependencies: The France Electric Vehicle Battery Anode market operates within a highly competitive global landscape, dominated by established players from Asia. This intense competition, coupled with significant reliance on imported raw materials and processed anode components, creates supply chain vulnerabilities and makes it challenging for domestic players to scale operations and compete on cost-effectiveness without substantial government backing.
- Scaling Up Production of Advanced Anodes: Transitioning from laboratory-scale innovation to mass production of advanced anode materials like silicon-anodes presents significant technical and economic challenges. Issues such as maintaining material stability, ensuring uniform quality across large batches, and optimizing manufacturing processes for cost-efficiency can impede the rapid commercialization and market penetration of these next-generation technologies.
Market Level Breakdown
The France Electric Vehicle Battery Anode market is segmented by Battery Type, including Lithium-ion, Solid-state, and Other Battery Types. Lithium-ion batteries currently dominate the EV market due to their established technology, energy density, and cost-effectiveness, thus accounting for the largest share of anode material demand. However, solid-state batteries are gaining traction as a promising next-generation technology, offering enhanced safety and higher energy density, which is expected to drive demand for specialized anode materials in the long term. Other Battery Types represent niche applications or emerging chemistries. This segmentation reflects the evolving technological landscape and the shift towards advanced battery solutions, impacting anode material development and adoption within the France Electric Vehicle Battery Anode market.
Segmentation by Material Type is crucial to understanding the France Electric Vehicle Battery Anode market taxonomy, encompassing Natural Graphite, Synthetic Graphite, Silicon-based, and Other Materials. Natural graphite is cost-effective and widely used, while synthetic graphite offers superior purity and performance characteristics. Silicon-based anodes are a rapidly growing segment, promising significantly higher energy densities than graphite, though they face challenges related to volume expansion during charging. Other materials include advanced carbon composites or emerging anode chemistries under research. The choice of material directly influences battery performance, cost, and manufacturing processes, making it a critical differentiator among anode suppliers.
The Application segment of the France Electric Vehicle Battery Anode market includes Passenger Electric Vehicles, Commercial Electric Vehicles, Electric Buses, Electric Two-Wheelers, and Other Applications. Passenger EVs constitute the largest market share due to high consumer adoption driven by government incentives and expanding model availability. Commercial EVs, including vans and trucks, are a growing segment as businesses electrify their fleets. Electric buses are a key segment for public transport decarbonization, while electric two-wheelers cater to urban mobility needs. Other applications cover specialized or smaller-scale electric vehicles. Each application has specific requirements for battery performance, influencing the demand for particular anode material characteristics.
The Technology Level segmentation classifies anode materials into Advanced Anodes and Standard Anodes. Standard anodes primarily refer to conventional graphite-based materials that are well-established and cost-efficient. Advanced anodes encompass next-generation materials like silicon-carbon composites, lithium metal, or other innovative chemistries that offer superior energy density, faster charging, and extended cycle life. The shift towards advanced anodes is a significant trend in the France Electric Vehicle Battery Anode market, driven by the relentless pursuit of higher performance and longer-range EVs. This segment is expected to witness substantial growth, propelled by ongoing R&D and commercialization efforts.
France Electric Vehicle Battery Anode Segmentation Breakdown
- Battery Type
- Lithium-Ion Batteries
- Lead-Acid Batteries
- Others
- Material Type
- Lithium
- Graphite
- Silicon
- Others
- Application
- Passenger Electric Vehicles
- Electric Commercial Vehicles
- Electric Buses
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs)
- Energy Storage Systems (ESS)
- Technology Level
- Conventional Graphite-Based Anodes
- Silicon-Enhanced High-Energy Anodes
- Fast-Charging Anode Technologies
- High-Cycle-Life Anodes
- Solid-State Battery Compatible Anodes
Geographic Performance & Regional Trends
In 2025, Europe emerged as the largest market for France Electric Vehicle Battery Anode, largely due to France's aggressive EV adoption policies, significant investments in battery gigafactories, and robust research and development ecosystem. The region benefits from strong regulatory support, consumer incentives, and a mature automotive industry transitioning rapidly to electric powertrains. Concurrently, Asia Pacific is projected to be the fastest-growing region in the France Electric Vehicle Battery Anode market growth, driven by massive EV production capacities, a burgeoning demand for electric vehicles in countries like China and India, and extensive government support for battery material innovation and manufacturing. This regional forecast underscores the global shift in EV battery component manufacturing and consumption.
Regional Growth Drivers
- North America: The region's growth is fueled by increasing EV sales, significant investments by automotive giants in electric vehicle production, and supportive government policies like the Inflation Reduction Act in the United States, which incentivizes domestic battery and EV manufacturing. This fosters a robust demand for advanced anode materials.
- Europe: Europe's market is driven by ambitious decarbonization targets, stringent emission standards, and substantial investments in battery cell production facilities across countries like Germany, France, and the United Kingdom. These factors collectively accelerate the adoption of EVs and, consequently, the demand for high-performance anodes.
- Asia Pacific: This region leads in EV production and adoption, with countries like China, Japan, and South Korea being global hubs for battery manufacturing and material innovation. Government support, rapid urbanization, and a large consumer base contribute to the region's fastest growth in the anode market.
- Latin America: The market in Latin America is experiencing growth due to increasing awareness of environmental benefits, nascent EV manufacturing initiatives in countries like Brazil and Mexico, and government efforts to promote electric mobility. Investments in charging infrastructure are also gradually contributing to market expansion.
- Middle East & Africa: Growth in this region is primarily driven by government diversification strategies, particularly in oil-rich nations like Saudi Arabia and the UAE, which are investing in sustainable technologies and smart city initiatives. These efforts are slowly laying the groundwork for EV adoption and associated battery component demand.
The regional trajectories for the France Electric Vehicle Battery Anode market highlight a divergence between mature markets like Europe and North America, which focus on technological refinement and localized supply chains, and emerging markets in Asia Pacific, which prioritize rapid expansion and cost-efficiency. For suppliers, this implies a need for flexible strategies: catering to premium, high-performance anode solutions in developed regions while focusing on scalable and economically viable options for high-volume markets. The long-term outlook suggests continued global integration, with regional clusters specializing in different aspects of the anode material value chain.
Competitive Insights & Leading Companies
The France Electric Vehicle Battery Anode competitive landscape is moderately consolidated, characterized by a mix of large multinational chemical and material companies alongside specialized anode material manufacturers. While global players, particularly from Asia, hold significant market shares due to their established production capacities and technological expertise, European companies are increasingly investing to secure a domestic supply chain. Competitive intensity is high, driven by the critical role of anode materials in battery performance and the rapid expansion of the EV sector. Key competitive levers include pricing strategy, which is influenced by raw material costs and production efficiencies; robust distribution networks to supply diverse battery manufacturers; continuous product innovation to achieve higher energy density and faster charging capabilities; and obtaining necessary regulatory approvals and certifications for safety and environmental compliance. Companies are striving to differentiate through material science advancements, process optimization, and strategic partnerships to ensure a stable supply of critical raw materials. The market also sees competition from new entrants and startups focusing on disruptive anode technologies like silicon-based materials, aiming to capture a share in this high-growth segment. The ability to scale production quickly and meet stringent quality requirements from leading battery cell manufacturers remains a significant barrier to entry and a key determinant of competitive success.
Strategic actions within the France Electric Vehicle Battery Anode market are diverse, with leading companies engaging in mergers and acquisitions to consolidate market share and acquire specialized technologies. Partnerships and collaborations between material suppliers, battery manufacturers, and automotive OEMs are common, aimed at co-developing next-generation anode solutions and establishing resilient supply chains. Product launches focus on innovative anode materials that promise improved energy density, faster charging, and enhanced safety, such as advanced graphite, silicon-carbon composites, and potentially lithium metal anodes. Geographic expansion, particularly within Europe, is a key strategy for companies seeking to capitalize on the region's growing battery manufacturing ecosystem. Significant investments in research and development are paramount to staying competitive, with a focus on optimizing material properties and scaling production processes. Differentiation strategies often revolve around proprietary material formulations, advanced manufacturing techniques that ensure high purity and consistency, and strong intellectual property portfolios. Some players emphasize a service model, offering customized anode solutions and technical support to battery developers. Challenges include margin pressure due to intense competition and raw material price fluctuations, high compliance costs associated with environmental and safety regulations, and the risk of commoditization for standard graphite anodes. Supply chain risks, particularly for critical minerals like lithium and graphite, also necessitate robust risk mitigation strategies, including vertical integration and diversification of sourcing.
France Electric Vehicle Battery Anode Key Companies
- BASF SE
- Varta AG
- Blue Solutions
- Arkema S.A.
- Robert Bosch GmbH
- TotalEnergies SE
- STMicroelectronics
- NAWA Technologies
- Solvay S.A.
France Electric Vehicle Battery Anode Market Ecosystem
Ecosystem Participants
- Raw Material Suppliers — provide essential precursors for anode material manufacturing, including natural graphite, petroleum coke, pitch, and silicon. Their role is critical in ensuring a stable and ethical supply chain, directly impacting the cost and availability of anode materials.
- These suppliers manage complex global logistics and often engage in long-term contracts with anode producers to secure consistent quality and volume, facing challenges like geopolitical risks and fluctuating commodity prices.
- Anode Material Manufacturers — specialize in processing raw materials into high-purity, performance-optimized anode powders (e.g., spherical graphite, silicon-carbon composites). They invest heavily in R&D to enhance material properties like energy density, cycle life, and fast-charging capabilities.
- These companies are at the forefront of innovation, developing proprietary coatings and advanced material structures. Their success depends on meeting stringent specifications from battery cell manufacturers and achieving economies of scale.
- Battery Cell Manufacturers — integrate anode materials, cathodes, electrolytes, and separators to produce complete battery cells. They are the primary customers for anode material suppliers, dictating material specifications and quality standards.
- These manufacturers conduct rigorous testing of anode materials to ensure optimal battery performance, safety, and longevity, often collaborating closely with anode producers on material development and optimization for specific battery chemistries.
- Electric Vehicle Manufacturers (OEMs) — design and assemble electric vehicles, incorporating battery packs from cell manufacturers. Their demand for high-performance, long-range, and fast-charging EVs directly influences the entire battery supply chain, including anode material innovation.
- OEMs are increasingly involved in battery design and material sourcing strategies, sometimes forming joint ventures with battery producers to secure critical components and differentiate their EV offerings through superior battery performance.
- Research & Development Institutions and Universities — conduct fundamental and applied research into novel anode materials, manufacturing processes, and battery chemistries. They play a vital role in pushing the boundaries of current technology.
- These institutions often collaborate with industrial partners, providing scientific expertise and developing prototypes that can eventually be scaled up for commercial production, addressing long-term challenges in battery technology.
- Recycling Companies — focus on reclaiming valuable materials from end-of-life EV batteries, including graphite and silicon from anodes. Their role is becoming increasingly important for environmental sustainability and resource security.
- These companies develop and implement advanced recycling processes to efficiently recover and reprocess anode materials, contributing to a circular economy and reducing reliance on virgin raw material extraction.
Report Coverage & Key Deliverables
The report delivers a comprehensive analysis of the France Electric Vehicle Battery Anode, combining quantitative data with qualitative insights to provide a holistic view of the market. This includes an in-depth examination of historical market performance, current trends, and future growth projections, enabling stakeholders to make informed strategic decisions. The study meticulously dissects market dynamics, identifying key drivers, restraints, opportunities, and challenges that shape the industry landscape. It offers granular insights into market segmentation by material type, battery type, application, and technology level, providing a detailed understanding of the various sub-segments and their individual growth trajectories. Furthermore, the report provides extensive regional and country-level analysis, highlighting the performance of the France market within the broader European and global context. It assesses the competitive landscape, profiling key players, analyzing their strategies, and identifying competitive advantages. This comprehensive coverage ensures that businesses, investors, and policymakers can effectively navigate the complexities of the France Electric Vehicle Battery Anode market, identify emerging trends, and capitalize on growth opportunities. The actionable intelligence contained within the report serves as a vital tool for strategic planning, investment decisions, and market entry strategies.
Report Coverage
- Market Size Estimates (historical and forecast)
- Our market size estimates cover the period from 2021 as historical data up to 2033 for future forecasts. These estimates are derived using a robust methodology that integrates primary research with industry experts and secondary data analysis from credible sources, ensuring accuracy and reliability for strategic planning.
- Detailed Segmentation And Revenue Analysis
- The report provides a granular breakdown of the market by key segments such as material type, battery type, application, and technology level. Each segment's revenue analysis offers insights into its current contribution and projected growth, allowing for targeted business development and resource allocation strategies.
- Regional And Country-Level Insights
- A comprehensive analysis of regional performance, with a specific focus on France within Europe, identifies key growth pockets and investment opportunities. This section contrasts market maturity and growth potential across various geographies, aiding in tailored market entry and expansion plans.
- Competitive Benchmarking Of Key Players
- The competitive landscape section benchmarks leading companies based on their product portfolios, strategic initiatives, market presence, and technological advancements. This provides an understanding of their strategic positioning and key differentiators, essential for competitive analysis and partnership identification.
- Customization Options Based on Specific Requirements
- Clients can avail customization options to tailor the report's scope, including deeper dives into specific segments, additional country-level analysis, or detailed competitive intelligence on particular companies. This flexibility ensures the deliverables precisely align with specific research objectives and business needs.
Recent Industry Insights
The France Electric Vehicle Battery Anode industry trends in the past 12-18 months have been marked by significant strategic moves aimed at bolstering domestic battery production capabilities and securing raw material supply. There has been a clear shift towards fostering a localized supply chain to reduce reliance on external markets, particularly from Asia. Partnerships between material suppliers, battery manufacturers, and automotive OEMs have become increasingly common, focusing on co-development of advanced anode materials and establishing gigafactories. Regulatory changes, such as stricter emission standards and incentives for EV adoption, continue to drive market demand. We've also observed increased R&D investments in silicon-based anode technologies, signaling a push for higher energy density and faster charging solutions. These developments underscore France's commitment to becoming a leader in sustainable mobility and advanced battery technology, influencing the future trajectory of the anode market.
Key Market Developments
- October 2024: Arkema S.A. announced a significant investment in its research capabilities for advanced battery materials, focusing on high-performance polymers for anode binders and next-generation anode components.
- August 2024: TotalEnergies SE, through its battery subsidiary Saft, expanded its R&D efforts in solid-state battery technology, which includes the development of compatible anode materials, signaling future market shifts.
- June 2024: The French Government launched new funding initiatives to support domestic production of critical battery components, including anode materials, as part of its broader strategy to localize the EV value chain.
- April 2024: BASF SE reinforced its commitment to sustainable battery materials by announcing plans to increase capacity for precursor cathode materials in Europe, indirectly supporting the demand for complementary anode technologies.
- February 2024: NAWA Technologies, a French startup, secured additional funding to scale up its carbon nanotube-based anode material production, targeting ultra-fast charging applications for electric vehicles.
Analyst Opinion
The France Electric Vehicle Battery Anode market outlook remains exceptionally positive, driven by a confluence of strong regulatory tailwinds, escalating consumer demand for EVs, and significant strategic investments in the domestic battery value chain. Market attractiveness is high, particularly for innovative anode materials that can address the persistent challenges of energy density, charging speed, and battery longevity. The competitive intensity is poised to increase as both established chemical giants and agile startups vie for market share through technological differentiation and supply chain integration. While the market is currently moderately consolidated, the landscape is evolving rapidly with new partnerships and mergers anticipated. The demand-supply balance is currently favorable for anode material suppliers, as the pace of EV adoption often outstrips the ramp-up of advanced material production, creating opportunities for those who can scale efficiently. Furthermore, France's proactive stance on sustainability and circular economy principles is fostering a fertile ground for anode materials derived from recycled content or produced with lower environmental impact, presenting a distinct competitive advantage for eco-conscious players. The strategic imperative for companies lies in securing raw material access and developing proprietary technologies that offer a tangible performance edge.
Looking ahead, the long-term outlook for the France Electric Vehicle Battery Anode market is characterized by continuous innovation and a strategic shift towards next-generation materials. Silicon-based anodes are expected to play a transformative role, offering significantly higher energy densities, although challenges related to volumetric expansion and cycle life need to be fully addressed. The innovation landscape will also see advancements in solid-state battery compatible anodes and novel carbon materials. Key risk factors include geopolitical instability impacting raw material supply chains, rapid technological obsolescence of current anode solutions, and the capital-intensive nature of scaling up advanced material production. Companies must navigate these risks by diversifying sourcing, investing heavily in R&D, and forging robust partnerships across the value chain. The emphasis on localized production within Europe will mitigate some supply chain vulnerabilities, but global collaboration remains crucial for accessing diverse expertise and raw materials. Strategic implications point towards a need for agility, deep material science expertise, and a strong focus on sustainability to capitalize on the immense growth potential of this critical component of the electric mobility revolution.